OR-OSHA Course 102 Quiz and Answer Key
1. What is the purpose of an accident investigation?
To determine the surface and root causes so
that they may be corrected to prevent similar accidents
from occurring in the future.
2. What's the most practical way to secure an accident scene?
Use warning tape.
3. What might be the result if the investigation is not
initiated as soon as possible?
Material evidence and memory will be lost.
The longer the wait, the harder to accurately determine cause.
4. If a workplace fatality occurs, the affected employer must
notify OR-OSHA within _____ hrs.
c. eight hours.
5. A catastrophe is considered ____ or more fatalities or ____
or more serious injuries.
b. two, three
6. When documenting the scene, one of the biggest challenges
facing the investigator is to...
b. determine what is relevant
7. The most effective documentation strategy is to...
c. document it, even if relevancy is in question
8. When making personal observations, the investigator should
consider which of the following...
d. All of the above
9. Photos are better at documenting the scene for all the
reasons below except...
a. Photos more effectively show motion through time.
10. What relevant information might be obtained by reviewing
the OSHA Form 300 Log?
Information about the types, severity, and locations of accidents. Information about the nature of the injury or illness can be discovered. Other useful statistical data concerning trends may be obtained.
11. What is the purpose of the interview process. How do you
best achieve that purpose?
Specifically, the interview process is crucial in gathering information that will help you develop an accurate sequence of events. Given an accurate account of what happened, you can analyze the accident to uncover surface and root causes and develop solutions. Cooperation and trust must exist for the process to be successful. Those conducting an interview must be well-thought-of and trusted by employees. Ultimately, the interview process helps to fix the system. It certainly is not useful if it's purpose is to help fix the blame.
12. All of the following are ineffective interview techniques
except?
Ask open-ended questions
13. Which of the following locations might be best for conducting
the interview?
The scene of the accident
14. Why is it important to ask the interviewee to review your notes?
To assure accuracy. The process may also help them
remember additional facts about the accident. It also sends a message
that supports a cooperative, sharing effort.
15. Why is it inappropriate to interview someone in the presence of
others?
The interviewee will be far less comfortable and likely
to give information "safe" for everyone to hear. If you interview
anyone else in the group, their story will change as they listen to
your interviewee's responses.
16. _______________ determines presence/absence. ____________ breaks
down the whole into parts to see how they each relate to the whole.
c. Identification, Analysis
17. You observe a coworker using a fixed circular saw that is missing a
guard. Describe the hazardous condition and related unsafe behavior.
b. Condition: the unguarded saw. Behavior: Using an unguarded
saw.
18. Which theory below states that an accident is the result of a series
related events. Eliminate any one event, and you prevent a future accident.
b. Domino Theory
19. In the event statement, "Robert uses a wrench to pound a nail," ________
is the actor and ________ is the action.
c. "Robert" is the actor and "Pound a nail" is the action.
20. How does the investigator increase the detail of the an event that
is vague or too general?
Separate actors and/or actions, so that you are describing
only one actor and one action in an event. Ask what happened
immediately prior to or after that event. Was an actor or action not
previously described?
21. All of the following are examples of surface causes except?
b. Procedures
22. All of the following are examples of root causes except?
b. Conditions. Hazardous conditions directly cause or contribute
to accidents. They are usually considered surface causes and the result
of system weaknesses.
23. Surface causes describe hazardous _________ and unsafe
____________. Root causes describe inadequate ___________.
c. Conditions, behaviors, systems
24. If similar accidents repeatedly occur after an accident investigation, what is most likely the cause?
c. failure to identify root causes. Root causes are not being effectively
addressed. System weaknesses are not being improved. If
system weaknesses are being improved, they are not effective
because they do not eliminate/reduce the target conditions and/or
behaviors.
25. If discipline is administered immediately after an accident, what basic weakness exists in the accident analysis process?
b. The process places blame before considering safety program weaknesses. In most cases people get hurt at work as the final effect of one or more safety management system weaknesses. The system needs to be thorough evaluated before the question of discipline can be addressed. That takes time. You can bet that if discipline occurs soon after an accident, safety management program
evaluation is not being adequately conducted.
26. When making recommendations, we need to propose corrective
actions ____ system improvements.
d. and
27. Engineering controls include all of the following except?
c. Rescheduling
28. Which control strategy is most effective in eliminating hazards?
a. Engineering Controls
29. All of the following are system improvements except.
c. Placing a guard on a table saw.
30. How does the "GIGO" principle apply to safety system improvements?
If you give them garbage..you'll get garbage
back. If you don't provide useful information, you won't
see useful results. You must pinpoint exact conditions and
behaviors to improve, AND precise system improvements or you will
most likely NOT experience the intended results.
31. What is the purpose of the accident report?
To clearly describe the events
prior to, during, and after the accident. To report the
specific surface and root causes, propose precise corrective
actions and system improvements, and to explain the benefits
of those improvements.
32. What, if anything, is incorrect or "wrong" about the
following: "Finding -- Employee #1 demonstrated poor safety
attitude by not properly wearing hearing protection.
The finding is addressing attitudes rather than
conditions and/or behaviors. Interpreting attitudes is not
the business of the accident investigator.
33. In the finding above, what might be a root cause for the unsafe
behavior?
Could be inadequate policy, process, plan, program
or procedures for ensuring accountability, supervision, training.
34. Given your answer to the previous question, how might you rewrite
the finding above?
Here's one possibility..."Supervisor training plan
does not include education and training on carrying out the
company's progressive disciplinary procedures. Consequently,
(1) supervisors are not adequately trained; (2) supervisors are
not administering discipline. Therefore, adequate consequences for
non-compliance have not been effectively established and thus not
expected."
You can see from the book answer, it's not about employee "attitude,"
but rather about management carrying out its accountabilities
(behaviors). This is done, as we learned in Module Six, by
effectively developing antecedents that initiate appropriate
behaviors, and the consequences to sustain those behaviors.
35. Once the report is completed, who should receive it? Who
receives it in your company?
The decision-maker.
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