OR-OSHA Course 205 Quiz and "Book" Answers

1. The purpose of the hazard communication program is to ensure that the hazards of all chemicals are ____________, and that information is __________ to employers and employees.

c. The purpose of the program is to protect employees by ensuring that the hazards of all chemicals produced or imported are evaluated, and that information concerning their hazards is transmitted to employers and employees.

 

b. Only chemical manufacturers and importers are required to perform hazard determinations on all chemicals they produce or import, although distributors and employers may also choose to do so.

 

c. All employers must provide information to their employees about the hazardous chemicals to which they are exposed. They do this by means of a hazard communication program, labels and other forms of warning, material safety data sheets, and information and training.

 

d. Education is the beginning of safety, and that certainly applies to hazard communication. It's critically important that employers educate their employees on: the physical and health hazards of chemicals used in their work area; hazard communication rule requirements; and the availability and location of the written program.

 

b. When the employer transfers a hazardous chemical from the manufacturer's primary container to another container, they create a secondary container. The secondary container might be a coffee can, glass jar, or other container. The employer must make sure their secondary container labels indicate the: common name of the hazardous chemical; and appropriate warning hazard.

d. Employees should be thoroughly trained on how to reference the chemical list of hazards, use material data safety sheets, use protective practices including PPE, recognize a release of chemicals, and detect overexposure to chemicals.

 

e. Any consumer product or hazardous substance, as those terms are defined in the Consumer Product Safety Act and Federal Hazardous Substances Act respectively, where the employer can show that it is used in the workplace for the purpose intended by the chemical manufacturer or importer of the product, and the use results in a duration and frequency of exposure which is not greater than the range of exposures that could reasonably be experienced by consumers when used for the purpose intended.

 

b. An employer whose employees are exposed to chemicals "known to be present" must include in their hazard communication program information concerning the hazards of those chemicals.

 

a. Although manufacturers, importers, and employers evaluating chemicals are not required to follow any specific methods for determining hazards, they must be able to demonstrate that they have adequately ascertained the hazards of the chemicals they produce according to the following criteria: carcinogenicity, human data, animal data, etc.

 

b. Employers must develop, implement, and maintain a written hazard communication plan that contains a list of the hazardous chemicals being used in the workplace, assigns responsibilities, and describes procedures for: labeling containers, maintaining and using material safety data sheets, information and training, non-routine task procedures, contractor procedures, pipe labeling.

 

d. For the purposes of the hazard communication standard, a hazardous chemical may be defined as "Any chemical which is a physical or health hazard."

 

b. Physical hazards - are chemical reactions that could result in a fire, explosion, and/or toxic gas release which cause physical trauma if chemicals are handled or stored improperly.

 

b. Health hazards are health effects (illness or disease) caused directly by the chemicals themselves, not an injury resulting from a reaction. All chemical materials can cause health problems under the wrong conditions.

 

a. Fumes are even smaller particles usually formed when solid metal is heated and vaporized, and then condenses as tiny particles.

 

b. The effects chemicals have on the various organs of the human body depend on several important factors: the form of the chemical; how the chemical contacts the body; the amount, or dose, the body receives; and how toxic the chemical is.

 

c. The MSDS is your primary tool to determine the physical and health hazards, routes of entry, toxicity, and other information about each chemical in your workplace.

 

c. The four common routes of entry are: 1. Ingestion - Do we eat or drink it? 2. Inhalation - Do we breath it in? 3. Absorption - Does it pass through the skin, eyes or other membranes? 4. Injection - Does it enter through a puncture or cut?

 

b. Solids - such as metal, treated wood, plastic are included as potentially hazardous chemicals.

 

a. According to the text, engineering controls, alone, may not be effective if they can be defeated.

 

b. Management controls do not eliminate or reduce the chemical hazard, itself, but only the exposure to the chemical hazard.

 

a. The chemical manufacturer, importer, or distributor must ensure that each container of hazardous chemicals leaving the workplace is labeled, tagged or marked with primary labels.

 

b. A primary label will include the following information; Identity of the hazardous chemical(s); Appropriate hazard warnings, including target organ effects of the hazardous chemical; and name and address of the chemical manufacturer, importer, or other responsible party.

 

a. The chemical identity may be common or trade name (“Black Magic Formula”), or a chemical name (1,1,1,-trichloroethane).

 

a. A label may not be shipped separately, even prior to shipment of the hazardous chemical, since to do so defeats the purpose of providing an immediate hazard warning.

 

a. Blue, yellow, white

 

No. It does not contain an appropriate hazard warning.

 

a. Primary container label

 

b. The label is intended to be an immediate visual reminder of the hazards of a chemical. It is not necessary, however, that every hazard presented by a chemical be listed on the label. The Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is used for this purpose.

 

c. The hazard warning is a brief statement of the hazardous effects of the chemical (flammable, causes lung damage).

 

a. OR-OSHA inspectors will usually determine whether workers can recognize what hazards correspond to what code ratings/symbols. This can be achieved through employee interviews.

 

a. Chemical manufacturers and importers must obtain or develop a material safety data sheet for each hazardous chemical they produce or import. Employers must have a material safety data sheet in the workplace for each hazardous chemical which they use.

 

b. The English language requirement was included to prevent importers of chemicals from supplying MSDSs in a foreign language. This requirement, however, does not prevent a chemical manufacturer/employer from translating MSDSs from English into foreign languages, in order to assist non-English speaking employees with training comprehension and hazard recognition.

 

a. Distributors and employers who in good faith choose to rely upon the MSDSs provided to them by the chemical manufacturer/importer assume no responsibility for the content and accuracy of the MSDSs.

 

d. Employees who work at more than one site during the work shift must be able to obtain MSDS information immediately in an emergency. MSDSs may be kept at the primary workplace facility, as long as the employer has a representative available at all times to ensure ready access to this information. This is the only situation in which an employer is allowed to transmit hazard information via voice communication. The employer must address in the written hazard communication program how MSDS information will be conveyed to remote worksites.

 

a. Material safety data sheets may be kept in any form, including operating procedures, and may be designed to cover groups of hazardous chemicals in a work area where it may be more appropriate to address the hazards of a process rather than individual hazardous chemicals.

 

a. Material safety data sheets may be kept in any form, including operating procedures, and may be designed to cover groups of hazardous chemicals in a work area where it may be more appropriate to address the hazards of a process rather than individual hazardous chemicals.

 

c. Electronic access, microfiche, and other alternatives to maintaining paper copies of the material safety data sheets are permitted as long as no barriers to immediate employee access in each workplace are created by such options.

 

b. The employer must ensure that in all cases the required information is provided for each hazardous chemical.

 

b. MSDSs must be readily accessible during each work shift to employees when they are in in their work area(s).

 

d. Usually MSDSs will be kept at the "Right to Know" station in a centralized location where most of the work is being accomplished.

 

a. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area at the time of their initial assignment, and whenever a new physical or health hazard the employees have not previously been trained about is introduced into their work area.

 

b. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area at the time of their initial assignment, and whenever a new physical or health hazard employees have not previously been trained about is introduced into their work area.

 

d. Of the methods listed, hands-on demonstration training is preferred because the evaluation of knowledge and skills is inherent in the training process.

 

c. If a new solvent is brought into the workplace, and it has hazards similar to existing chemicals for which training has already been conducted, then no new training is required. However, as with initial training, and in keeping with the intent of the standard, the employer must: make employees specifically aware which hazard category (i.e., corrosive, irritant, etc.) the solvent falls within; make the substance-specific data sheet available; and properly label the new product.

 

b. Information and training may be designed to cover categories of hazards (e.g., flammability, carcinogenicity) or specific chemicals. Chemical-specific information must always be available through labels and material safety data sheets. Training need not be conducted on each specific chemical found in the workplace, but may be conducted by categories of hazard (e.g., carcinogens, sensitizers, acutely toxic agents) that are or may be encountered by an employee during the course of his duties.

 

b. Employees must be informed of: the requirements of the hazard communication standard (OAR 437, Division 2/Z, 1910.1200); any operations in their work area where hazardous chemicals are present; and, the location and availability of the written hazard communication program, including the required list(s) of hazardous chemicals, and material safety data sheets required by this section.

 

c. Training temporary employees is a responsibility that is shared between the temporary agency and the host employer. The host-employer holds the primary responsibility for training since the host employer uses or produces chemicals, creates and controls the hazards, and is, therefore, best suited to inform employees of the chemical hazards specific to the workplace environment. The temporary agency, in turn, maintains a continuing relationship with its employees, and would be, at a minimum, expected to inform employees of the requirements of the standard.

 

b. Training for responding to such incidental spills would be under the hazard communication standard and would include, at a minimum, leak and spill cleanup procedures and the use of appropriate PPE.